Damage Characteristics of Korean Traditional Textiles by Sulfur Dioxide

Kim, Myoung Nam; Lim, Bo A; Shin, Eun Jeong; Lee, Sun Myung

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Journal of Conservation Science 2012;28(4):321-328.
Published online December 31, 2012.

이산화황에 의한 전통직물의 손상 특성

김명남, 임보아, 신은정, 이선명

Damage Characteristics of Korean Traditional Textiles by Sulfur Dioxide

Myoung Nam Kim, Bo A Lim, Eun Jeong Shin, Sun Myung Lee

초 록

본 연구에서는 전통직물 4종(견, 면, 모시, 삼베)을 선정하고, 각 직물의 원직물을 포함한 염색별 5종으로 구분하여 이산화황 가스(SO2) 농도에 따른 손상특성을 살펴보기 위해 가스 열화실험을 실시하였으며 각 농도와 손상특성간의 정량적인 상관성을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전통직물 시편을 대상으로 가스부식시험기를 이용하여 SO2 0.01, 0.12, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 5000ppm의 농도로 24시간 노출 실험을 하였으며 노출 전·후의 광학적, 물리적, 화학적 손상도를 평가하였다. 이 결과, 가스 농도의 증가에 따른 전통직물의 색차 증가와 변퇴색 등급 저하 등 광학적 변화를 확인한 반면 물리적 변화는 뚜렷하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 가스 농도증가에 따른 직물시편 내 잔류 황산이온 농도의 증가 및 pH 감소에 의한 직물 재질의 산성화를 통해 화학적 손상을 확인하였다. 이 같은 손상도 변화를 종합한 결과 이산화황 가스에 의한 전통직물의 손상농도는 1ppm/day임을 도출하였다.

중심어: 이산화황, 전통직물, 광학적 손상, 화학적 손상, 손상농도

ABSTRACT

A SO2 gas acceleration test was carried out on four textile groups (silk, cotton, ramie cloth, hemp cloth) which were categoried in five categories by the dyeing materials (undyed, red, yellow, blue, black) and the relation between the concentration of SO2 and deterioration rate was evaluated. The textiles were exposed to 0.01, 0.12, 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 5000 ppm of SO2 for 24 hours and the optical, physical, and chemical deterioration rates were studied. An optical change was identified as the color difference and grey scale rating (colorfastness) enhanced with the increase of gas concentration while there was little physical change. Chemical damage was caused by the acidification of the textile material due to the trapped sulfate ion concentration. The result of optical, physical, and chemical deterioration rates shows that 1 ppm/day SO2 is a critical level of deterioration of traditional textiles.

Key Words: Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Traditional textiles, Optical deterioration, Chemical deterioration, Critical level

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