| A Study on the Metallic Properties of Iron-making Byproducts from the Bihar and Jharkhand Regions of India |
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Ji Su Shin1, Sachin Kumar Tiwary2, Virag Gopal Sontakke2, Nam Chul Cho1 |
1Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
2Department of AIHC & Archaeology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Republic of India |
Correspondence:
Nam Chul Cho, Tel: +82-41-850-8541,
Email: nam1611@kongju.ac.kr
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Received: 7 December 2024 • Revised: 20 December 2024 • Accepted: 20 December 2024 |
| ABSTRACT |
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By analyzing four slags from Bihar and Jharkhand, all in India, we attempted to understand the level of traditional steel-making technology in India. BH-1∼3 can be classified as a tapping slag because it shows traces of flow, whereas JK-1 can be classified as an in-furnace slag considering its dense, flat figure and the existence of iron oxides. Because fayalite appears as a columnar structure in the micro-tissue of the slag, it can be confirmed as a smelting slag, and considering the total amount of Fe and deoxidation agent contents, it can be confirmed that it was created using a direct smelting method. By applying the main component analysis results to the FAS/FCS phase diagram and considering the number of minerals found through the compound analysis, the smelting temperature was assumed to be within 1,000∼1,200℃. |
| Key Words:
Iron manufacturing technology of India, Iron-making by-products, Direct smelting, Smelting temperature, Microstructure |
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